At the First of His Name
1. Which item is NOT TRUE about intercommunica�on?
1. A lack of intercommunica�on tends to create dialect dis�nc�ons.
2. Inter communica�on may even bring about dialect leveling.
3. The existence of intercommunica�on may prevent the development of separate dialects. 4. One of the factors involved in the crea�on of dialects is intercommunica�on. Choice 4 is correct.
Source: Falk, J (1987) p. 286
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2. Signs of ASL consist of the following parameters EXCEPT.....
1. Prime
2. Movement
3. Place
4. hand shape
Choice 1 is correct.
Source: Yule, G (2020) P.238
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3. A character was extended to mean not the sound of the whole word but just one of its important phones, typically the first consonant. This is the defini�on for the......
1. supraphonic principle
2. metaphonic principle
3. acrophonic principle
4. proto phonic principle
Choice 3 is correct.
Source: Hudson, G. (2000), P.356
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4. In the case of phoneme subs�tu�on, the child may pronounce dog as {dat} which is called........ And �ger as {gajger} which is called.......
1 fron�ng - stopping
2 stopping - fron�ng
3 an�cipa�on - perseverance
4 perseverance – an�cipa�on.
Choice 4 is correct.
Source: Hudson, G. (2000) P. 124
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5. Historically, ASL developed from the....... Sign Language in the...... century.
1. French – seventeenth
2. German – seventeenth
3. French – eighteenth
4. German – Eighteenth
Choice 3 is correct.
Source: Yule, G. (2020), P. 238.
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6. Which statement is NOT TRUE regarding restricted code and elaborated code?
1. They were proposed by Bernstein.
2. they are controversial terminologies for sociolinguists.
3. they are about language-deficit of working-class children
4. they are equivalents of non-standard and standard dialects. Choice 4 is correct.
Source: Lyons, J. (1981), P. 288
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7. One way to analyze the seman�c structure of sentences is to start with the verb as the central element and define the seman�c roles required by the verb. The process is called.....
1) role assignment
2) agent assignment
3) theta assignment
4) feature assignment
Choice 3 is correct.
Source: Yule, G. (2020), P. 146.
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8. Which statement is NOT TRUE regarding computa�onal lexicography?
1. today, thankfully, the computer does much of the work and the quality of dic�onaries has been higher.
2. wri�ng a dic�onary without a computer makes no more sense today than wri�ng a dic�onary without a quill would have made in 1755.
3. standard dic�onaries, it turns out, are not en�rely suitable for the needs of computa�onal linguists.
4. nowadays every lexicographer is a computa�onal lexicographer. Choice 1 is correct.
Source: Fromkin, V (2013), P. 409.
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9. Regarding the no�on of cultural overlap, ........... Is a func�on of the degree of cultural overlap.
1. Translatability
2. Transferability
3. cultural diffusion
4. cultural proximity
Choice 1 is correct.
Source: Lyons, J. (1981), P. 323
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10. In what category of sounds are both the body and the �p of the tongue raised.
1. /i, u/
2. /r, č/
3. /g, k/
4. /w, j/
Choice 2 is correct.
Source: Fromkin, V. (2019), P.203
the stem of the ques�on defines the special category of coronal sounds whose pronuncia�on involves both the body and the �p of the tongue.
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11. In general, there are.......... types of nasal sounds in English.
1. three
2. five
3. four
4. two
Choice 1 is correct.
Source: Fromkin, V. (2019), P. 195
Yule, G. (2020), P. 33
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12. Which item is not one of Lakoff's 1990 type of politeness?
1 deference
2 camaraderie
3 distance
4 in�macy
Choice 4 is correct.
Source: Yule, G. (2020), P. 164
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13. Which item is the most precise defini�on of concatena�ve synthesis?
1. The computer produc�on of speech based on assembling human pronuncia�ons of basic units such as phones, syllables, morphemes, words, phrases, or sentences.
2. The computer recogni�on of speech based on assembling human pronuncia�ons of basic units such as phones, syllables, morphemes, words, phrases, or sentences.
3. The computer produc�on of speech based on assembling prerecorded human pronuncia�ons of basic units such as phones, syllables, morphemes, words, phrases, or sentences.
4. The computer recogni�on of speech based on assembling prerecorded human pronuncia�ons of basic units such as phones, syllables, morphemes, words, phrases, or sentences.
Choice 3 is correct.
Source: Fromkin, V. (2013), P. 40
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14. Ge--t in German geliebt, "loved" from the root lieb is an example of........
1. discon�nuous morpheme
2. intermediary infix
3. infix
4. reciprocal suffix
Choice 1 is correct.
Source: Fromkin, V. (2019), pp. 41-42
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15. What is the most persistent cri�cism of the chimpanzee language-learning projects?
1. the �me and dura�on of studies on language learning by chimpanzees might not be sufficient.
2. basically, there is no scien�fic theory/framework which can support the learning of languages by chimpanzees.
3. the chimpanzees are simply making responses like trained animals for rewards and are consequently not using language to express anything. 4. there is no accepted training methodology to train the chimpanzees to learn a language effec�vely.
Choice 3 is correct.
Source: Yule, G. (2020), P. 25.
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Thank You
Siyamak Azizi
P.h.D. Student
University of Tehran
Telegram Channel: @TEFLED Siyamak Azizi