Cognitive code method

1. Cognitive code approach emphasizes learning.

• Correct Answer: b. internal and mental
• Explanation: The cognitive code approach focuses on internal processes like understanding rules and structures, encouraging mental engagement and comprehension rather than external habits.

2. A cognitive teacher tries to help

• Correct Answer: a. competence to performance
• Explanation: In the cognitive approach, the teacher aims to develop students' competence (knowledge of the language) before moving to performance (practical application).

3. According to cognitive code approach,

• Correct Answer: c. productive
• Explanation: The approach stresses using productive skills, such as speaking and writing, to help students express their thoughts effectively.

4. Which of the following would NOT

• Correct Answer: b. All children possess somehow identical organs of speech and can produce quite similar sounds usable in their languages.
• Explanation: The statement does not align with the cognitive view, which focuses on mental processes rather than physical speech similarities.

5. Cognition as used by Chastain

• Correct Answer: b. conscious acquisition of performance
• Explanation: Chastain's definition of cognition highlights the conscious effort to acquire and improve performance through understanding and practice.

6. Cognitivism is the natural outcome

• Correct Answer: c. behavioristic view of language acquisition
• Explanation: Cognitivism contrasts behaviorism, focusing on mental processes and understanding rather than mechanical repetition.

7. Cognitive-code learning approach to language

• Correct Answer: a. the learners’ thinking process may be assisted by giving some generalizations of L2 rules
• Explanation: The cognitive-code approach supports understanding rules to guide thinking processes, unlike habit-formation methods.

8. A would-be cognitive approach must

• Correct Answer: d. pattern drills
• Explanation: Pattern drills are more aligned with behaviorist approaches and are not emphasized in cognitive methods.

9. According to the cognitive view,

• Correct Answer: b. cognitive
• Explanation: The cognitive view sees learning as an active mental process involving perception and organization of knowledge.

10. Associating the new knowledge with

• Correct Answer: c. subsumption
• Explanation: Subsumption refers to integrating new knowledge into an existing framework, a key concept in Ausubel’s theory.

11. For the cognitive theoreticians, the

• Correct Answer: b. cognitive
• Explanation: Cognitivists focus on internal, mental processes, considering them crucial for effective learning.

12. Which one of these factors

• Correct Answer: c. Information gap
• Explanation: While context, background information, and purpose are essential, an information gap isn't strictly necessary for learning new information.

13. To incorporate new material into

• Correct Answer: b. have related information in our mind
• Explanation: Connecting new material to prior knowledge facilitates integration and retention.

14. Cognitive psychologists view learning as

• Correct Answer: a. view learning as an internal, mentalistic process
• Explanation: Cognitive psychologists emphasize mental processes like memory, understanding, and problem-solving in learning.

15. Intelligence, memory and the ability

• Correct Answer: c. cognitive
• Explanation: These are cognitive variables as they pertain to mental capacities essential for learning and problem-solving.

16. According to the cognitive theory,

• Correct Answer: d. simple to complex structures
• Explanation: Cognitive theory promotes learning in a structured manner, progressing from simple concepts to more complex ones.

17. The cognitive definition of learning

• Correct Answer: b. cognitivist
• Explanation: Cognitivist definitions highlight the role of the mind in actively processing and organizing information.

18. According to the cognitive psychology,

• Correct Answer: c. cognitive psychology
• Explanation: Cognitive psychologists view the mind as an active processor of information, emphasizing mental engagement.

19. From the viewpoint of cognitivism,

• Correct Answer: a. cognitivism
• Explanation: Cognitivism regards learning as a dynamic and interactive mental process.

20. Which of the following is not

• Correct Answer: a. Emphasis on pronunciation learning
• Explanation: Pronunciation is not a focus of the cognitive method, which prioritizes understanding and mental processes.

21. According to cognitive theoreticians, the

• Correct Answer: c. internal and mental processes
• Explanation: Cognitive theory emphasizes the importance of internal mental processes over external stimuli.

22. The followers of cognitive code

• Correct Answer: a. understanding
• Explanation: Understanding language rules and principles is more critical than habit formation in the cognitive approach.

23. Which of the following is NOT

• Correct Answer: d. finding out the relations among different parts of a sentence
• Explanation: This is more about syntax than metacognition, which involves higher-order thinking skills.

24. The cognitive theory of learning

• Correct Answer: c. rote and meaningful learning
• Explanation: Cognitive theory contrasts meaningful learning with rote memorization, focusing on understanding over repetition.

25. Psychologically real grammatical structures

• Correct Answer: a. should directly relate to mental processing
• Explanation: Real grammatical structures are those that align with how the mind naturally processes language.

26. According to Ausubel's cognitive theory

• Correct Answer: b. rote learning can be effective on a short-term basis
• Explanation: Ausubel acknowledges that while rote learning can work briefly, meaningful learning is more enduring.

27. The Cognitive Code Approach is NOT

• Correct Answer: b. using information gaps, role plays, and games
• Explanation: These activities are more characteristic of communicative or task-based approaches.

28. The cognitive code learning methodology

• Correct Answer: c. benefited from generative transformational grammar
• Explanation: The approach drew insights from transformational grammar to understand deeper language structures.

29. The primary purpose of cognitive

• Correct Answer: c. enable the students to think in the language whether they are conversing, reading, or writing
• Explanation: The focus is on internalizing language use across contexts.

30. According to Carroll, the term

• Correct Answer: d. conscious acquisition of competence followed by a conscious application of the competence
• Explanation: Cognition involves deliberate learning and application of knowledge.

31. Cognitive psychology views learning as
Answer: b. internal and mentalistic process
Explanation: Cognitive psychology emphasizes internal mental processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving as essential for learning.

32. In Cognitive psychology, units of
Answer: c. script
Explanation: A script is a structured unit of meaning consisting of sequences of events and actions associated with specific contexts.

33. Ausubel’s cognitive learning theory maintains
Answer: d. both relatability and subsumability
Explanation: Meaningful learning occurs when new information is relatable to existing knowledge and fits within established structures (subsumability).

34. According to Chastain, the first
Answer: d. perception of the message
Explanation: Understanding language begins with perceiving the message, which sets the stage for processing and comprehension.

35. "The goal is to develop
Answer: b. cognitive
Explanation: The cognitive approach focuses on enabling students to use language in novel situations by developing competence and understanding.

36. The mental process through which
Answer: b. cognition
Explanation: Cognition refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring, processing, and storing knowledge.

37. Cognitive psychologists believe that the
Answer: b. interpret
Explanation: Cognitive psychologists stress the brain's ability to interpret received information, making sense of stimuli and integrating it with prior knowledge.

38. Brown defines cognitive style as
Answer: b. personality and cognition
Explanation: Cognitive style links personality traits with mental processes, influencing how individuals learn and solve problems.

39. Cognitive style can be defined
Answer: c. the ways in which individuals process information
Explanation: Cognitive style describes unique ways individuals approach learning, problem-solving, and processing information.

40. The principal weakness of cognitive
Answer: b. bore the students
Explanation: Cognitive exercises can sometimes fail to engage students, leading to a lack of interest or motivation.

41. The cognitivists strongly believe that
Answer: d. entails establishing meaningful relationships between the new and the old information
Explanation: Cognitivists argue that meaningful learning arises when new concepts connect to prior knowledge.

42. In Cognitive Approach .......... is
Answer: c. pronunciation
Explanation: Pronunciation is not a primary focus in the Cognitive Approach, which emphasizes understanding and meaningful learning.

43. According to Rivers, in learning
Answer: d. reception and retention
Explanation: Effective listening involves first receiving the message and then retaining it for comprehension and response.

44. The more psychologists and linguists
Answer: a. cognitive
Explanation: Advances in neuroscience and psychology continue to validate cognitive theories of learning.

45. In contrast to the behavioristic
Answer: d. information processing quality of mind in learning
Explanation: Cognitivists focus on how the mind processes, stores, and retrieves information, unlike behaviorists who emphasize observable actions.

46. In the Cognitive-Code learning approach
Answer: a. competence has precedence over performance
Explanation: The approach emphasizes developing competence (knowledge and understanding) before performance (practical use).

47. The mental process or faculty
Answer: c. cognition
Explanation: Cognition encompasses mental processes that facilitate learning and knowledge acquisition.

48. In the cognitive approach the
Answer: b. facilitator
Explanation: Teachers in the cognitive approach act as facilitators, guiding students in discovering and understanding new information.

49. The term "cognition implies proceeding
Answer: d. mental understanding
Explanation: Cognition begins with mental understanding, forming the basis for applying knowledge in practice.

50. The term “..........” refers to
Answer: b. aptitude
Explanation: Aptitude is the inherent ability or predisposition to learn and use knowledge in specific ways.

51. Mother tongue is used as
Answer: c. cognitive approach
Explanation: The Cognitive Approach minimizes reliance on the mother tongue, using it only as a last resort.

52. Grammar is taught .......... in
Answer: a. inductively
Explanation: In the Cognitive Approach, grammar is learned inductively through examples and discovery rather than explicit instruction.

53. Cognitive style is defined as
Answer: b. self-consistent and enduring individual differences in cognitive organization and functioning
Explanation: Cognitive style reflects consistent patterns in how individuals perceive, organize, and process information.

54. The term “..........” implies a
Answer: d. cognition
Explanation: Cognition emphasizes the conscious acquisition and application of competence in performance skills.

55. .......... maintains that mind processes
Answer: b. Cognitive theory
Explanation: Cognitive theory highlights the importance of meaningful material to maximize learning efficiency.

56. The seemingly obvious fact in
Answer: a. competence must precede performance
Explanation: Competence (knowledge and understanding) is developed before practical performance skills are emphasized.

57. Cognitive Code-Learning is based
Answer: a. cognitive / transformational-generative
Explanation: This approach integrates cognitive psychology principles with transformational-generative linguistics for language learning.

58. There is emphasis on. . .
Answer: a. communication
Explanation: The Cognitive Approach prioritizes communication and the meaningful use of language.

59. Understanding is the most fundamental
Answer: c. cognitive
Explanation: Understanding is a cornerstone of cognitive psychology, focusing on meaning and comprehension.

60. The Cognitive Approach calls for
Answer: b. simultaneously
Explanation: Language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) are taught simultaneously for integrated learning.

61. Pronunciation in the Cognitive Approach
Answer: a. deemphasized
Explanation: Pronunciation receives less emphasis, focusing instead on understanding and meaningful communication.

62. Grammar is taught. . . . .
Answer: a. analytically
Explanation: Grammar is analyzed in context, promoting understanding over rote memorization.

63. The teaching of vocabulary is
Answer: a. emphasized
Explanation: Vocabulary teaching is prioritized, ensuring students can effectively communicate and understand language.

64. The teacher in the Cognitive
Answer: a. facilitator
Explanation: Teachers guide and support students as they explore and process new language concepts.

65. The mother tongue is used.
Answer: c. as a last resort
Explanation: The mother tongue is used sparingly to encourage immersion and understanding in the target language.

66. Carroll suggests a synthesis
Answer: a. habit-formation / cognitive-code learning
Explanation: Carroll proposes combining behavioristic habit-formation methods with cognitive-code learning for effective instruction.

67. The Natural Approach requires the
Answer: c. natural situation to make the learners acquire the language
Explanation: The Natural Approach emphasizes creating naturalistic contexts for language acquisition.

68. The Natural Approach involves.....
Answer: b. acquiring the language in an informal situation
Explanation: Informal settings promote language acquisition by reducing stress and encouraging interaction.

69. The Eclectic Approach uses
Answer: d. best techniques of all the well-known methods
Explanation: The Eclectic Approach incorporates techniques from various methods to suit diverse learner needs.