Learner errors

1. When the students make errors
   Correct Answer: b. interlingual
   Explanation: Interlingual errors occur due to interference from the learner's first language (L1), influencing their second language (L2) production.
2. In audiolingual teaching, learners’ errors
   Correct Answer: a. avoided because they lead to bad habits
   Explanation: The Audiolingual Method emphasizes avoiding errors as they can form incorrect habits that impede further learning.
3. Errors which foreign language learners
   Correct Answer: b. misleading
   Explanation: Errors can be misleading as they may distort the understanding of the learner's needs and the areas requiring further focus.
4. The systematic errors of language learners
   Correct Answer: b. some learning has taken place
   Explanation: Systematic errors show that the learner is trying to apply learned rules, even if not always correctly.
5. An EFL approach which does
   Correct Answer: c. traditionally
   Explanation: Traditional approaches often do not tolerate errors, as they are seen as detrimental to the learning process.
6. According to the "strong version"
   Correct Answer: a. all
   Explanation: The strong version of contrastive analysis suggests that all errors can be predicted based on L1-L2 differences.
7. Predictability of language errors
   Correct Answer: b. systematic
   Explanation: If errors are predictable, they are systematic and reflect a pattern in language acquisition, often linked to L1 transfer.
8. The early linguistic researches of
   Correct Answer: b. negative transfer
   Explanation: Negative transfer refers to errors caused by interference from the learner's first language.
9. Error analysis studies errors and
   Correct Answer: b. originate in competence but mistakes originate in performance
   Explanation: Errors stem from the learner’s internalized knowledge (competence), while mistakes are performance-related, occurring during actual use.
10. The learners’ errors are treated
    Correct Answer: a. audiolingual approach
    Explanation: In the Audiolingual Approach, errors are seen as signs of incorrect knowledge and faulty practice that need immediate correction.
11. Those non-native forms and patterns
    Correct Answer: a. errors
    Explanation: Errors occur when learners use incorrect forms due to not knowing the appropriate rules.
12. If a language teacher believes
    Correct Answer: a. audio-lingually
    Explanation: Teachers who believe in immediate correction of errors follow the principles of the Audiolingual Method.
13. In the Community Language Learning
    Correct Answer: c. totally ignored
    Explanation: In the Community Language Learning method, errors are generally ignored to allow learners to focus on communication.
14. Continual immediate correction of students' errors
    Correct Answer: d. result in nothing but irritation and embarrassment
    Explanation: Excessive correction can lead to negative emotions and affect the learner's confidence and fluency.
15. "Errors are the result of
    Correct Answer: a. goes back to the Second World War
    Explanation: The belief that errors are to be avoided or corrected immediately comes from practices developed during the Second World War.
16. Errors are local if they
    Correct Answer: a. global
    Explanation: Global errors affect communication as a whole, while local errors are limited to specific parts of a sentence.
17. The .......... approaches to language teaching
    Correct Answer: a. audiolingual
    Explanation: The Audiolingual Approach advocates error analysis to understand learners' language development.
18. The followers of most modern methods
    Correct Answer: b. signs of learning
    Explanation: Modern methods view errors as signs of progress and areas for improvement rather than as failures.
19. Which of the following cannot
    Correct Answer: c. A teacher should be tolerant of his students' errors
    Explanation: The Audiolingual Method focuses on immediate error correction, not tolerance.
20. In the Audio-Lingual method EFL learners' errors are
    Correct Answer: a. immediately corrected because they are believed to result in bad habits
    Explanation: The Audiolingual Method stresses immediate correction to avoid reinforcing incorrect habits.
21. The principle that errors lead
    Correct Answer: a. Audio-Lingual Method
    Explanation: The Audio-Lingual Method is based on the belief that errors lead to bad habits and must be avoided.
22. Error analysis fails to account for
    Correct Answer: b. the cognitive strategies underlying errors
    Explanation: Error analysis focuses on surface-level errors but doesn’t delve into the cognitive processes behind them.
23. In error treatment, global errors
    Correct Answer: a. result in incomprehensible sentences
    Explanation: Global errors affect the overall meaning of a sentence, leading to breakdowns in communication.
24. Krashen's attitude toward error correction
    Correct Answer: a. skeptical
    Explanation: Krashen is skeptical about correcting errors because he believes it can interfere with communication and fluency development.
25. All of the following shed light
    Correct Answer: a. affective factors
    Explanation: Affective factors, like emotions and motivation, are not directly related to the linguistic concepts of transfer.
26. The carryover of previous performance
    Correct Answer: d. transfer
    Explanation: Transfer refers to applying knowledge or skills from L1 to L2, which can result in errors.
27. According to Burt and Kiparsky, errors
    Correct Answer: c. are local when they occur at the sentence level
    Explanation: Local errors are those that don’t affect communication on a broader scale but can be specific to grammar or structure.
28. Developmental errors
    Correct Answer: b. are also referred to as idiosyncratic errors
    Explanation: Developmental errors are unique to the learner’s individual language development process.
29. The error "pazidam" (cooked)
    Correct Answer: c. results from overgeneralization within L2
    Explanation: The error reflects overgeneralization of L2 rules, possibly applying L2 past tense rules incorrectly.
30. In which of the following methods
    Correct Answer: b. ALM
    Explanation: In the Audiolingual Method, errors are typically avoided and immediately corrected.
31. Which of the following methods postpones
    Correct Answer: a. Suggestopedia
    Explanation: Suggestopedia delays error correction to focus on communication and understanding.
32. What is the possible source of error
    Correct Answer: a. Intralingual
    Explanation: Intralingual errors occur within the target language due to misunderstanding or misapplying L2 rules.
33. Teachers should seek to handle
    Correct Answer: a. development of accuracy
    Explanation: The goal of error correction is to help learners improve accuracy in their language use.
34. Which of the following can be considered
    Correct Answer: a. Incorrect position of adverbs
    Explanation: Local errors like incorrect adverb positioning are grammatical issues that don’t block overall communication.
35. Which of the following can be considered
    Correct Answer: c. Misuse of connectives
    Explanation: Global errors, like misuse of connectives, can cause misunderstandings and affect communication.
36. Those errors which involve the overall
    Correct Answer: a. global
    Explanation: Global errors affect the meaning of the entire sentence or message.
37. Errors of overgeneralizaion are almost
    Correct Answer: d. little formal explanation is given by the teachers
    Explanation: Overgeneralization often occurs when students don’t receive enough explicit explanation or context.
38. Terell believes that the direct
    Correct Answer: d. negative affective feelings
    Explanation: Terell argues that immediate correction can lead to negative emotions, reducing learners' confidence and motivation.
39. "Common errors " have a distribution
    Correct Answer: a. langue
    Explanation: Common errors are often part of the structural rules of the language, which are shared by a community (langue).
40. Students' errors are seen as
    Correct Answer: c. silent way
    Explanation: The Silent Way encourages learners to make mistakes as part of the natural learning process without constant correction.
41. The followers of the Audio-lingual method
    Correct Answer: c. even the least important errors should be corrected
    Explanation: The Audiolingual Method stresses the immediate correction of even minor errors to prevent bad habits.
42. In the audio-lingual method, errors are
    Correct Answer: d. immediately corrected by the teacher
    Explanation: In the Audio-Lingual Method, errors are corrected right away to avoid reinforcing bad habits.
43. In .......... drills, errors are
    Correct Answer: c. meaningful
    Explanation: In meaningful drills, errors are corrected when they hinder communication, focusing on the intended meaning.
44. In mechanical drills, errors
    Correct Answer: a. on new pattern are corrected
    Explanation: Mechanical drills focus on repetition and pattern practice, where errors are corrected to ensure accurate learning.
45. An error which results from language
    Correct Answer: b. interlingual
    Explanation: Interlingual errors occur when learners transfer rules from their first language to the second language.
46. A modern notion in second language
    Correct Answer: d. toleration
    Explanation: Modern approaches often advocate for tolerating errors as part of the natural learning process.
47. .......... are due to competence whereas
    Correct Answer: a. Errors/mistakes
    Explanation: Errors arise from a learner's knowledge (competence), while mistakes are due to slips in performance.
48. Errors are . . . . . . . in the
    Correct Answer: b. considered as inevitable
    Explanation: In the Cognitive Approach, errors are seen as inevitable and natural in the learning process.
49. In .........., errors are tolerated as
    Correct Answer: a. communicative approach
    Explanation: The Communicative Approach tolerates errors as part of developing fluency and communication skills.
50. In .......... errors are avoided
    Correct Answer: a. audiolingual method
    Explanation: The Audiolingual Method stresses avoiding errors to prevent the formation of bad habits.
51. In audiolingual method, the learners’ errors
    Correct Answer: a. avoided at all cost because they lead to bad habits
    Explanation: Errors are avoided in the Audiolingual Method to prevent the reinforcement of incorrect language habits.
52. Errors are. . . . . . in the
    Correct Answer: c. corrected
    Explanation: In the Audiolingual Method, errors are promptly corrected to ensure proper learning.
53. In .......... errors are tolerated and
    Correct Answer: d. CLL
    Explanation: In Community Language Learning, errors are tolerated to focus on communication, not perfection.